Might AI-powered chatbots replace psychotherapists?

Artificial intelligence (AI) has such promise, yet also comes with concerns. I recently read about how AI’s data mining capabilities were able to sift through massive amounts of genetic and clinical data to identify specific biomarkers and potential targets for nutritional therapies for people with Austism. This effort identified that children with ASD often have lower choline levels. The same AI technology also confirmed that a moderate dietary choline intake was associated with the lowest risk of an Alzheimer’s diagnosis. For me, I find this extremely exciting and hopeful. Yet, with its ability to operate without fatigue, offering constant service, AI brings with it the risk of job displacement. So might AI-powered chatbots, that can be available 24/7, replace the therapeutic relationship with a human psychotherapist?

 With the ever increasing demand for psychotherapy and limited access to mental health providers, AI-powered chatbots are being studied as a possible solution to close the gap between demand and the available, affordable supply of such providers. One recent randomized controlled trial focused on the effectiveness of one chatbox in providing psychological support during crisis situations, compared to traditional psychotherapy, with women diagnosed with anxiety disorders in active war zones. Interestingly, both groups showed a significant reduction in anxiety levels. However, although the chatbot provided accessible, immediate support, traditional therapy proved more effective due to the emotional depth and adaptability provided by human therapists.

 I believe that this research builds upon previous research around the human brain’s mirror neurons, which provides the neurological basis for empathy and emotional contagion. Emotional contagion is a powerful force and a unique capability in sentient beings, one in which AI will struggle to replicate, even over time. As with most things, I think that this question in not an either/or situation and is a and/both situation instead, where adding AI to create a hybrid model of mental health support might optimize the care provided.

If you are interested in reading more, click below: